Ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo mu bwoko bwa cryptocurrency niryo twibandaho cyane ,ifaranga ryo muri ubu bwoko rimaze kwandika amateka ni iryitwa Bitcoin ,ubu I Bitcoin rimwe rihagaze arenga miliyoni 40 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.
Ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga rya cryptocurrency rikaba rikorwa hifashishijwe ubumenyi buhanitse bw’ikoranabuhanga rya Mudasobwa ryitwa blockchain, aho umuhanga mu bumenyi bwa mudasobwa akoresha ihuzanzira ry’ibyitwa Blocks aribyo biza kubyara iri faranga nk’igihembo kuri icyo gikorwa arinaho rikura izina rya blockchain kuko rikorwa hahuzwa ibyitwa blocks.
Buri muntu wese ashobora gutunga iri faranga ,icyo bimusaba ni ukuba afite icyitwa digital wallet twagereranya nk’ikofi koranabuhanga abikamo ayo mafaranga ,iyi kofi iba ifite agafunguzo kayifungura kagizwe n’amakodi ,ushobora gufungura iyi kofi unyuze kuri internet ku buryo bworoshye nawe ukaba wayitunga ,hari imbuga nyinshi za internet nka Bitcoin.org, bitkeep.com ,coinbase.com nizindi nyinshi cyane.
Iri faranga muntu wese ashobora kuritunga no kurikora ku giti cye bidasabye ko Leta ibigiramo uruhare, rikorwa hifashishijwe mudasobwa zigezweho zifitemo ibyitwa graphic cards ,bishobora no kugurwa kuri internet ,ku mbuga z’ubucuruzi nka za Alibaba.com ,na Amazon.com ,cyane cyane izikoreshwa na benshi ni nka Nvidia ,Ascic nizindi nka za Antminer .
Iyo rero umaze kugura mudasobwa igezweho n’ibindi bikoresho ,ukora ibyitwa Mining .mining ikaba ari nk’uburyo bwo gucukura no kurema iri faranga hakoreshejwe rya koranabuhanga rya blockchain twavuze haruguru .
Ifaranga rya Cryptocurrency ntabwo Leta zishobora kurigiraho ubugenzuzi kubera ko zitagira uruhare mu ikorwa ryaryo no mu ihererekanywa ryaryo ,iyo ugiye kwishyura umuntu ukoresheje cryptocurrency murihererekanya nta muntu wa gatatu wivanzemo ariwe bita Third part ,aha ni Banki cyangwa Guverinoma (Leta) ahubwo murihererekanya ako kanya riva kuri wowe rimujyaho ako kanya.
Kandi kubera ko iri koranabuhanga riba ririnzwe ku buryo buhanitse ,ntibishoboka ko hari umuntu wapfa gutahura cyangwa ngo abe yayobya iri faranga nkuko tubibona kuyandi mafaranga ahererekanya hakoreshejwe telephone.
Kubera ko Leta zifite ubugenzuzi buke kuri iri faranga ,byatumye ibihugu bimwe na bimwe bikora bene iri faranga bashobora kugenzura rihabwa izina rya CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency ) bikaba biri mu nyigo ko no mu Rwanda rishobora kuzakoreshwa.
Abahanga mu bukungu bamwe bakaba bavuga ko iri faranga rya CBDC ryakozwe kubera ko Leta zifite ubwoba ko Cryptocurrency izayobokwa na benshi bityo zigatakaza ubugenzuzi ku mafaranga bityo zigatakaza ubwigenge no kugenzura abantu hifashishijwe iturufu y’ubukungu
Reka tubisobanure gutya iyo Leta ikoze amafaranga ikayashyira muri rubanda ,Banki nkuru iba izi amafaranga ari ku isoko uburyo angana,kubera ikoranabuhanga ririho baba banashobora kumenya uburyo amafaranga ahererekanywa ,niba uguze igicuruzwa runaka ,ukishyura ,umucuruzi aguha facture ,niba ubikuje udufaranga twawe muri banki cyangwa ukatubitsahio byose baba babireba .
Kubera ubwo bugenzuzi bwose Leta ifite ku ifaranga n’imikoreshereje yaryo bituma imenya kugnzura n’imisoro abantu bagomba gutanga ,ndetse ikanagira n’ijambo mu bukungu na Banki nkuru ikaba umugenzuzi wa byose ,haba mu kugena politiki z’ifaranga nibindi
Bikaba bitandukanye cyane na Cryptocurrency rero kuko yo nta bugenzuzi na buke ,Leta iyifiteho ,nta ruhare na ruto igire mu ikorwa ryayo ,bityo ikaba itanashobora kugenzura uko iri faranga rikoreshwa nuko rihererekanywa ,ibyo bikaba byanasobanura ko leta zihita zitakaza ubugenzuzi ku misoro ,ibyo rero bikaba bitapfa kwihanganirwa na Leta nyinshi.
Amateka y’ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga
Mu mwaka wa 1983 ,umuhanga w’Umunyamerika Witwa David Chaum yatangije uburyo bw’ifaranga hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya cryptography,iri faranga ahita aryita digicash ,
Iri faranga yakozwe bwa mbere ukaba warigereranya na Mobile money hano iwacu ,kuko kuribikuza cyangwa kuryohereza kuri banki byarashobokaga kandi byose bigakorwa hifashishijwe umubare w’ibanga nkuko tubigenza kandi Banki na Guverinoma byari bifite ubugenzuzi ku rugendo rw’iri faranga.
Mu mwaka wa 1996 ,ikigo cy’ubutasi bw’imbere muri Leta zunze bumwe za Amerika cya National Security Agency ,cyasohoye inyandiko ndende isobanura uburyo hashobora gukorwa ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga ndetse iyo nyandiko yaje kwemezwa na kaminuza ya MIT ,imwe muzikomeye m ikorabuhanga muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika.
Mu mwaka wa 1998 ikigo cya Wei Dai cyatangajwe buryo hashobora gukorwa ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga hifashishijwe uburyo bw’ibanga bwa electroni cash system ,iryo faranga rihabwa izina rya Bit gold ryari risa cyane niri rigezweho rya Bitcoin ,kandi yose akaba akenera ikitwa proof of work ,kikaba ari nk’ikimenyetso cy’akazi ku muntu uri kurema cryptocurrency .
Mu mwaka wa 2009 ,Umugabo witwa Satoshi Nakamoto niwe wa mbere waremye ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga rya Bitcoin ,akoresheje uburyo bwa cryptographic Hash ya SHA-256 nka proof of work.
Mu mwaka wa ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga rya Namecoin naryo ryarakozwe rikoresheje uburyo bwa decentralized DNS bukaba ari uburyo butuma kwinjirira internet bigorana.
Mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2011 nabwo hakozwe irindi faranga rya Litecoin
Mu mwaka wa 2021 ,igihugu cya El Salvador cyemeje ifaranga rya Bitcoin ko rikoreshwa mu buryo bwo kwishyurana hahererekanywa amafaranga
Mu kwezi kwa cyenda 2021 ,Igihugu cy’Ubushinwa cyatangaje ku mugaragaro ko kidashyigikiye ikoreshwa ryaya mafaranga ya cryptocurrency.
Ni iki kigira ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga rya Cryptocurrency ifaranga ridasanzwe?
Ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga ni ifaranga ridasanzwe kubera izi mpamvu zikurikir
1.Ni ifaranga rya Rubanda
Ifaranga rya cryptocurrency ni ifaranga ritanga ubwisanzure n’umudendezo ku baritunze ,nta Leta ikugenzura ngo aya mafaranga wayakuyehe ,ni ifaranga ushobora kwiremera mu gihe ubifitiye ubumenyi kandi ukaba ushobora no kurivunjamo andi asanzwe.
2.Rikorwa ku buryo bw’ibanga kandi bw’ikoranabuhanga rihanitse
Kubera iyi mpamvu bituma ryizerwa kandi ukba utapfa kuryamburwa nkandi mafaranga ,bituma rigira umutekano no kwizerwa ku isi ya internet
3.Biroroshye kurihererekanya ntawundi muntu byivanzemo
Bitandukanye nandi mafaranga ,ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga ,rihererekanywa ako kanya ,hagati y’umuntu nundi bafite ibyo bagura ,ntibisaba Banki ,muri make umntu aba ariwe wibereye Banki.
Ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga ryanenzwe na benshi kuba rifite uruhare runini mu kwangizaibidukikije kubera imbaraga z’umuriro w’amashanyarazi zzikenerwa kugira ngo rikorwa ,
Mu mwaka wa 2017 byatangajwe ko ikorwa ry’amafaranga y’ikoranabuhanga ryatumye carbon yoherezwa mu kirere yiyongera kuva kuri toni 3 kugera kuri toni 15 za carbon.
Mu mwaka wa 2018 ,byatangajwe ko ikorwa rya Bitcoin ryatwaye umuriro w’amashanyarazi ungana na Terawatt 45,8 zatumye mu kirere hoherezwa dioxide de carbone ingana na toni 22
Mu mwaka wa 2021 ,byatangajwe ko Ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa n’imashina zaremaga ifaranga rya Bitcoin ryohereje ibyuka bibi bya dioxide de carbone mu kirere bingana na megatone 65.
Nta gushidikanya ko ikorwa ry’ayamafaranga ritwara imbaraga nyinshi ndetse bikanatera iyangirika ry’ibidukikije ,
Umuherwe Elon Mask ari mu bantu ba mbere bakomeye batangiye kugaragaza aho bahagaze mu bijyanye n’ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhang ndetse Kompanyi ye ya Tesla yaguze umubare munini wa Bitcoin ,iza no kwemera ko yakwishyurwa zimwe muri serivisi zayo hakoreshejwe ifaranga rya dogecoin.
Isoko rinini rivunjirijwamo ,rikanagurishijwamo amafaranga y’ikoranabuhanga ya Cryptocurrency ni Binance .
Dore urutonde rw’amafaranga y’ikoranabuhanga 10 ya mbere ayoboye ayandi
1.Bitcoin riragura 41.911 USD
2.BTC Bitstamp riragura 41.909 USD
3.Ethereum riragura 2.927 USD
4.Ethereum Coinbase riragura 2.927
5.BNB riragura 397 USD
6.Litecoin riragura 115 USD
7.Monero riragura 200 USD
8.Elrond iragura 165 USD
9.Maker riragura 2.o45 USD
10 Quant 122 USD
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