Muri iyi minsi,haravugwa izamuka ry’ibiciro rikabije ,ibicuruzwa byinsi bitandukanye byagiye byiyongera mu biciro ku buryo bukabije kandi ubushobozi bw’umuguzi ku isoko ntibujyana niyongera ryibyo biciro.
Uku kutagendera ku kigero kimwe ku bushobozi bwo guhaha niyongera ry’ibiciro ku isoko ,bibyara ikibazo cyo kuba rubanda rugufi bicwa n’inzara ndetse ubushobozi bwo kuzigama bakabutakaza burundu.
Izamuka ryibiciro rikabije rishobora gutera ibibazo bitandukanye ndetse hari ingero nyinshi zitandukanye,ndetse bikaba bisobora kwimika inoma zimwe bikimukura izindi ,byose bishyiniye ku myitwarire abaturae bagize kuri iryo zamuka,
Ahanini bitewe nuko akagunguru ka lisansi gahagaze ku isoko mpuzamahanga,iyo kiyongereye mu biciro cyangwa kakagabanuka mu biciro byose bigira ingaruka ku biciro byibindi bicuruzwa.
Iyo izamuka ry’ibiciro rikomeje kwiyongera ku isoko ,bitera umwuka mubi mubaguzi n’abagurisha,abaguzi baragabanuka kandi bagahaha bike,abacuruza nabo bakarangura bahenzwe ku biciro bihanitse.
Iyo izamuka ry’ibiciro ribaye ku bicuruzwa by’ibanze nk’ibiribwa ,Imyenda,amazi , n’ibindi ,ibi biba ikibazo cyane ndetse bigatera ubukene bukabije muri rubanda nyamwinshi ,bitandukanye nuko hazamuka mu biciro ibikoreso tudakenera twese mu buzima bwa buri munsi ,nk’imodoka,Frigo, Telefone nibindi…..
Izamuka ryibiciro ryaiye rigaragara hirya no hino ku isi mu mateka ndetse ryabaga rierekejwe no gutakaza agaciro k’ifaranga n’ihanantuka ry’ubukungu ,aa twavua nko muri Amerika ,mu budage muri Zimbabwe n’ahandi.
Ushobora kwibaza rero impamvu zitera izamuka ry’ibiciro rihanitse ,muri izo mpamvu twavuga izi zikurikira ariko bitari umwihariko ku gihugu cyacu
1.Ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho by’ibanze kiyongereye (Cost Push Inflation)
Iyo ibikoresho bikenerwa mu nganda no hakorwe ibicuruzwa runaka kiyongereye ,biira inaruka yuko ibyo bicuruzwa byakozwe bihenda
Ibyo bikaba byatewe nuko bateranyije iiciro byasabye no hakorwe ibyo bicuruzwa ,imbaraga byasabye no bikorwe ,imisoro byasabye ndetse n’ikiuzi bizatwara no biere ku isoko ,
Iki giteranyo kibyo byose nicyo kigena igiciro cya buri gicuruzwa ndetse ugasana gihanitse mu ie icyo iteranyo cyari kinini.
Urugero niba hakenerwa ingano runaka yibinyabutabire no hakorwe ifumbire ya Urea cyangwa NPK nandi mafumbire atandukanye ,iyo ibyo binyabutabire byiyongereye mu biciro ,bituma inganda zikora ayo mafumbire nazo ziyakora bizihenze kuko ziba zaranguriye ibikoresho byibanze ku biciro bihanitse
Ibyo rero bitera ingaruka ko ibiciro rya fumbire rigurishwaho byiyongera ,umuhinzi akaribona ahenzwe ,uwo muhinzi kugira ngo adahomba bituma agurisha umusaruro we ku giciro kiri hejuru, Uruurirane rw’ibi rero rutuma ibiciro by’ibintu bitandukanye byiyongera.
2.Gukenerwa cyane kw’igicuruzwa runaka bitajyanye n’ingano yabyo iri ku isoko ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kubikora bukaba butajyanye n’ingano bikeneweho.(Demand Pull Inflation)
Iyo igicuruzwa runaka ikenewe ku ngano irenze iri ku isoko bituma abaifite bazamura ibiciro ,aha twafata urugero rw’udupfukamunwa mu gihe cya COVID-19 ,Utu dukoreso twikubye insure nyinshi mu biciro kubera ko twari dukenewe na bensi kandi ari duke ,reka dushimire leta kubwo izindi ngamba zafashwe kuira no tuboneke ku ngano ihagije kandi binamanura igiciro cyatwo ,isubira uko cyahoze
Uku kuzamuka mu biciro bitewe niyi mpamvu ,aanini bikorwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko ndetse uasana niba Rusahuriramunduru babyihishe inyuma ,bagira ngo bitwikire ibyo bihe ,biwizeo inyungu
Abakora ibicuruzwa runaka bashobora kubiiramo uruhareb aho bitewe nuko babona ibicuruzwa byabo bikunzwe kurusha ibindi ,hanyuma bakazamura ibiciro babiranguzaho bigatuma bigera ku isoko bihenze
3.Imitungo itimukanwa ihabwa agaciro gahanitse
Iyo ubukungu buri mu bihe byiza byo kwiyongera bituma agaciro gahabwa Imitungo kiyongera,bityo n’inuzanyo zitanwa hatanzwe ingwate kuri uwo mutungo ziyongera
Ibi bituma ibiciro bizamuka ndetse n’iyo mitungo igahenda cyane ,
4.Imisoro ihanitse (Expensional Fiscal Policy)
Politiki yo kuzamura imisoro ,ikagera ku rwego ruhanitse,igira uruhare runini mu iyongera ry’ibiciro ku bintu bitandukanye.
Iyo imisoro ihanitse bituma ikiguzi kigenda ku gicuruzwa runaka cyiyongera,abacuruzi ao bakodesha hagahenda byose bigahurira mu kuzamura igicuruzwa na serivisi batanga.
Iyo imisoro yagabanyijwe ,amafarana yaendaga hishyurwa imisoro akoreswa mu bindi bikorwa ibyo bigatuma abakora n’abacuruza serivisi cyangwa ibicuruzwa runaka batongera ikiguzi
Ni bande bungukira mu izamuka ry’ibiciro ku isoko?
Muri rusange abantu bunukira mu izamuka ryibiciro byibintu bitandukanye ni abafite uruhare mu ikorwa ryibyo bicuruzwa cyangwa ababiurisha
Nanone abandi babigiramo inyunu ni abafite imituno yazamutse cyane mu biciro yenda nk’amazu ,ibibanza ,n’ibindi,,,,,
Abaguzi cyanwa abakenera ibyo bicuruzwa nibo bagerwaho n’ingaruka mbi cyane kurusha abandi bose,buretse ko ari igihe izo ngaruka z’ibihombo nabo zibageraho.
Banki nkuru y’igihugu na Guverinoma igira uruhare rukomeye mu gutuma ikibazo cy’ibiciro ku isoko kitiyongera cyane ndetse akaba hafatwa ingamba zitandukanye harimo kugabanya imisoro ,gushyiraho politiki yorohereza ubucuruzi ,kongera cyangwa kugabanya inyungu ku nguzanyo(interest rate)
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